Hair color sprays that temporarily color the hair have become increasingly popular in recent years. Often marketed as festival sprays or costume sprays, these temporary hair dyes allow you to quickly and easily change up your hair color for a day or night without the long-term commitment of traditional hair dye. But are temporary hair color sprays actually safe to use?
How Temporary Hair Color Sprays Work
Temporary hair color sprays work by coating the hair strands with a colored pigment. The pigments are held in place with a polymer that allows the color to adhere to the hair. Unlike permanent or semi-permanent hair dyes, the color from temporary sprays washes out completely with one shampooing. The sprays are quick and easy to apply and dry within minutes. They can be brushed onto dry or damp hair and provide immediate, albeit temporary, results.
Active Ingredients
Most temporary hair color sprays use similar main ingredients:
- Pigments – Provide the actual color and typically made up of FD&C colors or mica.
- Polymers – Hold the pigments to the hair. Polymers commonly used include PVP/VA copolymer, shellac, and acrylates copolymer.
- Alcohol – Works as a quick-drying solvent carrier for the other ingredients.
- Water – Serves as the base.
- Propellants – Aerosol propellants like butane and propane provide the spray mechanism and allow even distribution.
These main ingredients allow the products to temporarily coat the hair with vibrant color that washes away easily. Certain brands may also include additional ingredients like fragrance, vitamins, and sunscreen.
Safety Concerns
While the ingredients seem fairly innocuous, there are some safety considerations with temporary hair color sprays:
Skin Irritation
The alcohol solvents and propellants used can dry out and irritate the skin and scalp when sprayed directly on the hairline and part. Those with sensitive skin may experience itching or stinging.
Eye Contact
Getting the spray in the eyes can cause significant eye irritation and even damage due to the alcohol content and propellants. Care should be taken to avoid the eyes during application.
Inhalation
Breathing in the fine mist of spray can irritate the throat and lungs, especially for those with respiratory conditions like asthma. Use in a well-ventilated area.
Allergic Reactions
The pigments and polymers may cause allergic reactions in those with sensitivities, resulting in redness, itching, and swelling around the application area. Do a patch test first.
Hair Damage
While not extremely damaging, frequent use can dry out and weaken the hair over time. The alcohol can be drying and repeated applications coat the hair in polymers that can build up.
Safety Precautions
When using temporary hair color spray, keep in mind the following safety precautions:
- Conduct a patch test on a small area of skin before widespread use.
- Carefully follow usage directions.
- Avoid contact with eyes, lips, and skin as much as possible.
- Protect clothing and surfaces from overspray.
- Use in a well-ventilated area and avoid breathing in spray.
- Rinse skin and eyes immediately if contact occurs.
- Allow hair to air dry after application.
- Use sparingly and limit reapplication to avoid buildup.
- Shampoo thoroughly after use to remove all traces of color.
FDA Regulation
The FDA regulates cosmetics and hair care products including temporary hair color sprays. While the FDA does not require pre-market approval, they do monitor ingredients and safety concerns once products are already being sold. Companies are prohibited from selling unsafe products or using banned ingredients.
The FDA provides guidance on which pigments, polymers, propellants and other ingredients are considered safe and permitted for use in temporary hair sprays. However, individuals can still experience adverse reactions even when products use permitted ingredients appropriately. It is up to the manufacturers to ensure proper labeling with ingredient lists and safety warnings.
Alternatives to Spray-On Color
If you have sensitivities or are concerned about the safety of temporary hair color sprays, some alternatives provide less exposure to the scalp and skin:
- Hair chalk – Colored chalk comes in twist-up sticks that are rubbed directly onto the hair leaving a powdery, colored coating that washes out. Less irritating ingredients.
- Hair mascara – Using a mascara-type wand, the colored formula coats just the outer hair shaft. Quick and targeted application.
- Hair crayons – Available in many colors, hair crayons color just the surface of hair when applied in strokes. Allows for creative effects.
- Colored hair clips and extensions – For temporary color without any chemicals, colored clips, feathers, and extensions can provide pops of color.
The Bottom Line
When used according to package directions, temporary hair color sprays provide a fun and inexpensive way to temporarily and reversibly change your hair color for costumes, festivals, or just trying out a new look. However, the ingredient substances like alcohol and propellants mean care should be taken during use to avoid irritation or allergic reactions.
Do a patch test before applying all over if you have sensitivities. Take care to avoid contact with eyes and skin. Use in a ventilated space and limit reapplication to avoid buildup or damage. With proper precautions, temporary hair color sprays can be a safe option for short-term colored hair looks.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does temporary hair color spray damage hair?
When used occasionally, temporary hair color sprays do not cause significant damage. But frequent reapplication can cause drying and breakage over time due to the alcohol content. Avoid overuse and be sure to shampoo thoroughly after to avoid buildup.
Does temporary hair color wash off on pillows?
There will likely be some residual color transfer to pillows and bedding after spraying temporary color. Wrap hair in a satin scarf or shower cap while sleeping to protect furnishings.
Can you use temporary color spray on synthetic wigs?
Yes, temporary color sprays work well on synthetic wig fibers since they coat the strands rather than permeating them. Check the wig fibers first though, as a small area should be tested for potential discoloration.
How long does temporary hair color spray last?
Most temporary hair color sprays last until your next shampoo, generally 1-3 days. Avoiding washing your hair can help the color last a little longer.
Does temporary color damage clothing?
The color can transfer to clothing, bedding, and upholstery. Be careful to avoid contact during application and while drying. Placing a towel around the shoulders can help minimize discoloration risk.
Conclusion
Temporary hair color sprays provide a fun and easy way to temporarily change your hair color for a day, evening, or event. When used properly and in moderation, they are a relatively safe option. Take precautions like doing a patch test beforehand, avoiding contact with eyes and skin, and using in a ventilated area. Limit use to occasional application to prevent drying and damage over time. With sensible precautions, hair color spray allows you to rock vivid hair colors temporarily and reversibly.
