The American flag is one of the most recognizable symbols in the world. With its red and white stripes and white stars on a blue background, the U.S. flag represents freedom, democracy and the American spirit. But what is the blue rectangle on the American flag specifically called? Many people refer to it simply as the “blue part” or “blue section” of the flag, but it actually has a more official name – the union or canton.
The history and origins of the American flag can provide some insight into how the canton got its name and meaning. Let’s explore some key facts about the flag and the blue canton to better understand this iconic symbol.
History of the American Flag
The first official American flag was created in 1777 during the American Revolution, though some researchers believe there were earlier unofficial versions. The Continental Congress passed the Flag Resolution which stated that the flag should have 13 stripes alternating red and white to represent the original 13 colonies, and 13 white stars in a blue field representing a “new constellation.”
Over the next two centuries, new states were added to the union and the flag updated with additional stars. The current 50-star flag has been in use since Hawaii became a state in 1960. The 13 stripes remain to represent the original 13 colonies.
So from its very beginnings, the blue section of the flag was seen as symbolizing the “union” or unified nation of states. That is why today this blue portion is still referred to as the “union” or “canton.”
Meaning Behind the Colors
The colors of the American flag also hold meaning:
– Red symbolizes valor and bravery
– White symbolizes liberty and purity
– Blue represents vigilance, perseverance, and justice
The choice of blue for the union or canton highlights the ideas of vigilance, perseverance and justice as guiding American ideals. The blue union serves as the backdrop for the constellation of white stars representing each state in the union.
Dimensions and Specifications
The canton on the American flag has very specific dimensions and design regulations outlined in Executive Order 10834 signed by President Eisenhower in 1959. A few key specifications include:
| Width of canton | 7/13 the total width of flag |
| Height of canton | 2/5 the total height of flag |
| Number of stars | Equal to number of states in the union |
| Pattern of stars | Rows alternating with 6 and 5 per row |
The Executive Order also defines other elements like the colors, dimensions of the stripes, and rules for displaying and respecting the flag. These help maintain consistency and adhere to traditions.
Other Names
While “union” and “canton” are the most common terms used for the blue rectangle, some other names are occasionally used including:
– The shield
– The field of blue
– Old Glory’s cloak
– The chief
These dramatic or patriotic names evoke images of the flag’s blue section draped across the U.S. shielding it in a cloak or cloak of vigilance.
Use in Other Flags
The American flag’s design and colors influenced many later flags as the union grew. When additional states joined, their state flags often included aspects copied from the U.S. flag, especially the use of a canton or blue union.
For example, the flags of Pennsylvania, Connecticut, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, Vermont, Kentucky, Indiana, Maine, Michigan, Wisconsin, Oregon all feature cantons in similar style to the American flag. The blue canton and white stars symbolize their unity and allegiance with the United States of America.
The Canton in Culture
The union or canton is iconic enough that it can symbolize America even when the full flag isn’t present or is obscured.
For example, the flag depicted on the circular seal of the United States government is shown from the perspective of the canton flying backwards as if in a strong wind. The red and white stripes are hidden from view, but the blue canton with stars is featured prominently in the center of the seal, instantly signaling America.
The American flag canton can also represent broader ideals of American culture like freedom. For instance, the LGBT pride flag adapted the canton design with rainbow stripes below to symbolize LGBT pride and the freedom for people of all sexual orientations.
Conclusion
So in summary, the blue rectangle on the American flag is most properly called the “union” or “canton.” It represents the unified nation and core American values of vigilance, perseverance and justice.
The canton’s width, height and number of stars follow strict official guidelines to maintain a consistent symbol. Its distinctive design has influenced state flags and appears in icons like the government seal. The blue canton is widely recognized as a shorthand symbol for American identity and freedom.
So next time you see the American flag flying proudly, you can appreciate not just the red, white and blue colors, but specifically the historic and symbolic meaning behind the blue canton. It’s more than just a rectangle or background – it’s a meaningful design representing unity, vigilance and justice for the United States!